中国冰岛蓼属植物花粉形态的研究

Pollen morphology of Koenigia from China

采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对国产冰岛蓼属KoenigiaL .9种植物的花粉形态进行了观察。结果表明 :花粉均为球形 ;直径为 1 7.0 - 32 .5 μm(包括刺长 ) ;萌发孔有7( - 8)赤道环沟、散沟、散孔 ;外壁纹饰均为刺状。根据萌发孔类型和外壁纹饰 ,将该属花粉划分为 3种类型 ,即细冰岛蓼型 (Delicatulum_type)、大连线冰岛蓼型 (Forrestii_type)及冰岛蓼型 (Koenigia_type)。细冰岛蓼型花粉的主要特征是具7( - 8)赤道环沟 ,覆盖层无穿孔 ,外壁纹饰为显著的长刺状 ,此种类型的植物有细冰岛蓼K .delicatula(Meisn .)Hara。大连线冰岛蓼型花粉的主要特征是具 1 2散沟 ,覆盖层无穿孔 ,外壁纹饰为显著的长刺状 ,此种类型的植物有大连线冰岛蓼K .forrestii (Diels)M嚙ｓ姫ˇｃｅｋ＆Ｓｏｊ偄ｋ及连线冰岛蓼Ｋ .nummularifoli(Meisn.)M嚙ｓ姫ˇｃｅｋ＆Ｓｏｊ偄ｋ?恨ば突ǚ鄣闹饕卣魇蔷?1 5 ,2 0 ( - 30 )散孔 ,覆盖层无穿孔 ,外壁纹饰为显著的长刺状 ,此种类型的植物有冰岛蓼K .islandicaL .、蓝蕊冰岛蓼K .cyanandra (Diels)M嚙ｓ姫ˇｃｅｋ＆Soj偄ｋ、线茎冰岛蓼Ｋ .nepalensisD .Don、柔毛蓼K .pilosaMaxim .、陕甘蓼K .hubertii(Lingelsh .)M嚙ｓ姫ˇｃｅｋ＆Soj偄ｋ及青藏蓼Ｋ .fertilisMaxim .。结果表明冰?

Pollen morphology of nine species in Koenigia L. from China was examined under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pollen grains are 7(- 8)-zonocolpate, pantocolpate, or pantoporate in aperture, spheroidal in shape, 17.0 - 32.5 mum in diameter (including the length of spinules). The ornamentation of exine is prominently spinulose. Based on their features of apertures and exine sculpturing, the pollen grains can be divided into three types, i.e., Delicatulum-type, Forrestii-type and Koenigia-type. The Delicatulum-type is characterized by having 7( - 8)-zonocolpate aperture, imperforate tectum and prominently spinulose exine ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in one species, K. delicatula ( Meisn.) Hara. The Forrestii-type is characterized by having 12-pantocolpate apertures, imperforate tectum and prominently spinulose exine ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in two species, K. forrestii (Diels) Wesicek & Sojak and K. nummularifolia (Meisn.) Wesicek & Sojak. The Koenigia-type is characterized by having 15-, 20(-30)-pantoporate apertures, imperforate tectum and prominently spinulose exine ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in six species, K. cyanandra (Diels) Wesicek & Sojak, K. fertilis Maxim., K. hubertii (Lingelsh.) Mesicek & Sojak, K. islandica L., K. nepalensis D. Don and K. pilosa Maxim. The present results show that the pollen morphology in Koenigia is of important systematic value. The generic status of Koenigia is supported; Polygonum nummularifolium and P. forrestii may be better transferred to the genus Koenigia from Polygonum sect. Acortogorton Meisn., while P. cyanandrum, P. delicatalum, P. fertile, P. filicaule, P. hubertii, P. pilosum transferred to the genus Koenigia from Polygonum sect. Cephalophilon Meisn.