城市犯罪中的非公共空间盲区及其综合治理

THE NON-PUBLIC AND BLIND AREA IN URBAN CRIME AND ITS COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT

城市犯罪中的空间盲区是形成犯罪载体的重要因素。本文在阐明城市犯罪空间盲区的产生机制及其综合治理的任务的基础上 ,重点分析了非公共空间盲区的防控脆弱性及其外在、内在的防控盲点 ,提出了治理此类盲区的工作思路 ,讨论了治理非公共空间盲区的外部环境和内部环境以及提高非公共空间警戒能力的工作途径。成功的综合治理可以对有效地预防犯罪、中止犯罪、制伏罪犯、消减犯罪危害性等起到积极作用 ,可以为城市犯罪的空间防控作出积极贡献。

There are three basic requisites in an urban crime incident, i.e. criminal, victim and place, correspondingly the subject, object and carrier of a criminal incident. The carrier of urban crime, place, is the medium factor in an urban crime through linking up the initiative factor and the passive factor into an integrated incident. According to the differences of character and formation, blind area in urban crime can be divided into five types, i.e. private, public, marginal, moving and virtual blind areas. This paper analyzes the blind spots in the non-public space and advances the working train of thought and key measures of its management. The major tasks for the management of blind areas include: to build an urban environment favorable for anti-crime measures, to eliminate all the possible factors showing a tendency for creating blind areas, to rule out the spatial latent dangers in urban crime and to take more initiatives to prevent crimes, stop crimes, subdue crimes and reduce the side effects of crimes. The large amount of outward and inward blind spots of anti-crime in the non-public blind areas make it rather vulnerable to prevent and subdue criminal incidents. The fact that the non-public blind areas are more prone to be the places attacked can be attributed to the attraction of people and objects within and also some other factors should not be neglected. The unique location of some non-public buildings and the open environment around these buildings provide easy access for the criminals. Due to the close up of non-public buildings and its relative isolation between respective units, the criminals can feel free to commit crimes once they get inside of these places. The non-public areas are widely located in urban regions. The guarding system is not well regulated nor are they put into practical use. These causes combined make it difficult for the public anti-crime forces to take measure to prevent or control crimes within these non-public places. Therefore, three approaches have been suggested in this paper with a view to regulate these places: firstly, the surrounding environment should be well regulated. The unfavorable factors in the special locations should be eradicated. Secondly, The inner environment should be paid equal efforts. In particular, the inner environment of the apartments and one-storey houses should be tackled. Lastly, the guarding system and protective measures should also be implemented and put into practical use.