论制度的人性基础

A Brief Study on the Humanity Foundation of Systems

马克思主义、制度经济学、社会学基于不同的人性预设对制度的内涵作了不同的界定。制度是人在存在和发展过程中为了调整、规范自身的行为、关系而约定或制定的规则体系。制度的人性基础在于人的个体性与社会性的矛盾,这种人性基础既有其客体性,又有其主体性。在制度的人性基础问题上存在着经验主义和唯理主义的错误观点。制度的人性基础的当下意义取决于制度在社会转型和综合国力竞争中的地位和作用,取决于我国的制度现状:构建新的制度体系和破除旧的制度体系的艰巨性。制度基于主体性经历了从"神本"、"物本"到"人本"的发展。

Although based on humanity, systems are defined differently in Marxism, system economics and sociology. Actually, systems are regulations governing people's behaviors and relationships, evolved over a long period of time. The humanity foundation of systems is built on both man's individuality and sociality. Consequently, humans are thought to be not only objects but subjects as well. Empiricism and theories only are two wrong ideas about this subject. At present, the significance of the humanity foundation of systems is determined by the role played by systems in our social transformation and world competition. In a sense, it is determined byChina's current situations, and it is not easy to abolish the current systems and to establish new ones.