《论语》的形上学研究

Metaphysics Research of "Analects of Confucius"

《论语》中有没有形上学的思想内容?研究者认识不一,莫衷一是。一般说来,在形上与形下、本质与现象、经验与超验的问题上,孔子更倾向于对存在的非超验把握。但在《论语》中,在孔子和他的弟子们的谈话中,孔子思想也不仅仅局限于形而下的方面,他也论及了诸多形而上的问题,其性与天道论、下学而上达论、仁论等都具有形上学的意义,且其形而下之论有着深刻的形而上的理据。

Is there any thought content of metaphysics in 'Analects of Confucius' The researchers have their own realization, and are unable to decide which is right. Generally speaking, On the questions about the shape above and the shape below, essence and phenomenon, experience and exceeding experience, Confucius is more inclined to holding existence with non-exceeding experience. Although in 'Analects of Confucius', on talks between Confucius and his disciples, Confucius' thought is also not merely limited in the aspect of the shape below, and he refers to a lot of metaphysical questions too. His theories such as nature and the way of heaven, learn what is below to comprehend what is above, and benevolence have metaphysical meaning, and the theory of the shape below has profound theoretical evidence about the shape above.