论劫持航空器罪及其惩治

Crime of Hijacking Aircrafts and its Punishment

劫持航空器罪是指以暴力、胁迫或者其他方法强夺或控制航空器的行为。“暴力”劫机是指以力量造成侵害的方式 ,它包括有形力与无形力 ,直接暴力与间接暴力 ,对象及于人 ,也包括物。“胁迫”劫机是指行为人采取以暴力或其他任何危险恐吓之内容进行逼迫挟持 ,以对他人实行精神强制 ,使人心生恐惧而不敢反抗。“其他方法”的劫机是指除暴力、胁迫之外的任何能排除他人反抗的手段。行为人所劫持的必须是正在“飞行中”或“使用中”的航空器 ,包括民用与国家航空器两种。为了有效惩治本罪 ,应赋予航空器登记国优先管辖的权利 ,同时采取“或起诉或引渡”原则。

Aircraft hijacking is a kind of crime that by menas of violence,coercion or by any other menans to seize or control aircraft. Hijacking by violence means committing force to cause violation to aircraft itself or to crew and passengers,it includes visible and invisible force,direct and indirect force.Hijacking by coercion means by any dangerous or horrific matter to threat people through spirits and let them cna not fight back. Hijacking by any other menas is by any ways except violence and coercion that make people cna not resist. The aircraft that hijackers hijacked should be 'in fight' or 'in service';it can be civil or national aircraft. For the sake of effectively punishing hijacking,the priority should be granted to the state of registration of the aircraft,and punish culprits according to the principle of 'or by extradition or by prosecution'.