浙粤两省六个杉木种子园施肥技术和效应研究

Research on the Fertilization of Chinese Fir Seed Orchard

浙粤2省6个杉木种子园1983～1990年施肥试验结果是,在贫瘠土壤上施肥效果最显著,施肥种类和配方应根据当地土壤对症下药,施肥时间应配合种子发育节律和花芽分化期,以6月最关键,次为8月和4月;每年施2次较好,并提倡无机肥与农家肥相结合;施肥量依树龄和树体大小而异,一般结实中期每次每株施氮肥0.1～0.375kg(N40～170g)、磷肥0.375～1.0kg(P_2O_5100～250g)、钾肥0.1～0.2kg(K_2O 50～100g)。最佳施肥配方一般可增产种子30％～50％,出籽率、千粒重、发芽率也有所提高。

According to the experimental results of fertilizing in five seed orchards in Zhejiang and Guangdong Province from 1983~1990, it shows that the best result is from the unfertile soil. The sort of fertilizer and its making up should match with the soils in local sites, that are, N, P or N,P, K complex or mixed fertilizer on unfertile soil which is short of N and P; P, K mixed fertilizer on the soil which is short of P or K, but the concentration of N is above middle level. The time of fertilizing should be matched with the developing rhythm and differentiation of flower bud, the best time for fertilizing is likely to be June and followed by August and April. It is suitable to fertilize the trees two times per year,and had better to use not only chemical fertilizer but also farmyard or green manure. The amount of fertilizer used should be matched with the age of trees, that is generally 40~170g N, 100~250g P2O5 or 50~100g K2O per tree per time. The amount of seeds can be increased by 30%~50% with the best making up fertilizer and also increase the seed output rate of cone, weight of 100 seeds and germination percentage.