不同类型林藤混交林地上生物产量及营养元素的积累与分布研究

Study on the Above-ground Biomass Production and Nutrition Accumulation in Various Mixed Plantations of Forest Trees and Rattan

树龄为18a、藤龄为5年生的4种类型(Ⅰ～Ⅳ)林藤混交林和白藤纯林地上部分生物总产量分别为164.849、164.844、170.195、98.864、16.234t/hm^2,除白藤纯林外,4种混交林乔木层生物量占总生物量的92％以上,藤层占2％～4％,地被物层占2％～5％;类型Ⅰ～Ⅳ10种营养元素总积累量分别为1977,78、2142.54、1778.21、989.36kg/hm^2,其中乔木层占82％～90％,藤层占4％～6.5％,地被物层占5％～12％,与生物量的分配相比较,藤层和地被物层营养元素积累量占总量的比率均有所上升,而乔木层的比率则有所下降;生产单位干物质对营养元素需求量以及营养元素的归还率随林分类型而异,类型Ⅰ～Ⅴ每生产一吨干物质需要的10种营养元素总量分别为11.999、12.999、10.449、10.008、23.974kg,而营养元素的归还率则分别为30.3％、39.3％、30.0％、54.4％、92.1％。

Through measurements of above-ground biomass production and 10 nutrition elements' accumulation in four types of man-made treerrattan mixed plantations (the age of trees and rattan are 18-year-old and 5-year-old respectively) and a pure plantation of Calamus tetradactylus Hance. The results showed that the total above-ground biomass yield is 164.849,164.844,170.195, 98.864 and 16.234 t/ha respectively for the type I to V; and the biomass of the trees accounts for over 92%,rattan for 2%~4%, and litter for 2%~5% in the tree-rattan plantations. The contents of nutrition elements in different organs of tree, rattan and litter vary in different species for specific element. The total amount of the tested 10 elements are 1 977.78, 2 142.54, 1778.21 and 989.36 kg/ha respectively for the types I to IV, among them, 82%~90% distributed in the tree layer, 4%~6.5% in rattan, and 5%~12% in litter compared with the distribution of biomass, rattan and litter have higher percentages in nutrition contents. The amount of nutrition elements required for an unit dry matter production and the ratio of nutrition returning back to the soil vary in different types of stands. In type I to V, the total amount of the 10 nutrition elements required for producing a ton of dry matter is 11.999,12.999,10.449,10.008 and 23.974 kg/ha respectively. The ratio of nutrition elements returning to the soil is 30.3%, 39.3%,30.3%, 54.4% and 92.1% respectively.