马尾松生长和材性的地理遗传变异及最优种源区的划定

Geographic Variation in Growth and Wood Properties and Determination of the Optimum Provenance Region for Paper-Pulp Wood of Masson Pine

对10年生90个产地的材积生长和木材性状研究表明,马尾松树干材积和木材基本密度具有显著的种源区和产地效应,树干材积由北向南逐渐增大,而基本密度的最高值在分布区的西北,由北向南逐渐减小,最低值在分布区的中带,由中带向南又略有增加。管胞长度的种源区和产地效应很小,无一定的地理变异趋势。鉴于树干材积和基本密度之间高度的负遗传相关以及两性状显著的种源效应,在进行种源或产地选择时应强调以生长量改良为主、材性改良为辅,此时对树干材积和基本密度作无约束指数选择,发现福建西部、江西中南、湖南南端、广东西北和广西东南这个带状区域是马尾松造纸材的优良种源区。

After a study on the volume growth and wood properties of 10-year-old masson pines of 90 seed sources, significant variations were found in stem volume and wood basic density. Stem volume increased and wood density decreased gradually from north to south. The seed sources of the trees with greatest wood density was from northwest of the range and the smallest from the middle belt. There were very small effect of seed source and no definite geographic pattern in tracheid length. Considering the significant nagative genetic correlation between stem volume and basic density and the marked provenance effects for both traits, we would emphasize growth (volume) as the primary target trait and wood quality (basic density) as secondary one when selecting superior provenances or seed sources. Using the unrestricted selection index combining stem volume with basic density, we found that the zone including western Fujian,central and southern Jiangxi, southern end of Hunan, northwestern Guangdong and southeast of Guangxi was the optimum provenance region for paper-pulp wood of masson pine.