归化与异化:研究视点的转移

Shifts of Perspectives in Discussion of Domestication and Foreignization

从历时的角度看 ,归化与异化的讨论在不同时期所指对象不同 :当一种语言尚未成熟 ,讨论多集中在语言形式 ,这时多强调形式异化 ;一旦该语言走向成熟 ,讨论便会转向文化因素 ,这时多指文化因素的异化。翻译在不同时期有不同的目的 ,会对译者提出不同的要求。因此讨论该问题时应认真区别讨论对象 ,不可用讨论文化因素时得出的结论要求语言形式。

Historically, different objects are focused on in discussion of domestication and foreignization at different times.While the vocabulary of a language is inadequate, the form is the focus and what is stressed is foreignization of form. Once it becomes adequate the focus would shift towards cultural factors, and what is required to foreignize are cultural factors. Translation has different purposes at different times, and would make different requirements on translators. Therefore, in discussion of domestication and foreignization, what is to be discussed should be made clear first. Moreover, the conclusion drawn from the discussion of domestication and foreignization of cultural factors should not be transferred inadvertently to that of language form.