话语标记语you know的语用增量辨析

On the Pragmatic Functions of the Discourse Marker"You Know

在言语交际中 youknow等话语标记语往往不直接构成话语的命题内容 ,所起的作用就是对会话等互动性言语交际进行调节与管理。在特定语境条件下 ,youknow具有元知识标记的功能 ,它传递的信息是有关语言本身的信息或所表示的言语行为 ;它还可以提醒对方已知或应该知道的某种信息 ,以增加交际双方的认知共性。Youknow等类似标记语的出现是交际顺应的需要与结果。

In verbal communication the discourse marker'you know'is found not to contribute to the propositional content of the utterances to which it is attached, instead it is used as an adaptive device helping to manage and maintain the on-going interaction.In a context'you know'can serve as a meta-knowledge indicator, and its function of calling attention is evident as well, it ultimately leads to the increasing of shared knowledge or cognitive mutuality between the participants. It can be concluded that such a discourse marker appears as a result of adaptation to the context in communication.