从“集体保障”到“社会保障”——中国农村社会保障1949—2000

From‘Collective Sccurity’to‘Social Security’——Social Sccurity in Rural China,1949—2000

194 9年以来我国农村社会保障制度经历了从“以队为基础的集体保障”到“以家庭为主、国家和集体扶持救助为辅的社会保障”的历史变迁 ,大体可划分为初步建立、进一步巩固完善、异常发展、调整与恢复、改革与创新 5个阶段。但是 ,由于诸多因素的制约 ,农村社会保障仍然存在着水平低、风险大。

Since 1949 Chinas rural social security system has transformed from being based on‘collective security based on the production brigade’to one centered on the family,with support from the state and the collective.This transformation can be divided into five stages.Owing to a variety of factors,however,rural social security provision remains at a low level,and it suffers from high risks,outmoded methods,and other problems.