美国国会与美国政府对华决策(1949.1～1950.6)

The US Congress and the US Government's China Policy(1949.1～1950.6)

新中国成立前后 ,美国国会深深卷入了美国政府对华政策的制定过程。当时 ,美国国会要求政府继续给予国民党政权经济、军事援助 ,主张军事保卫台湾 ,反对承认新中国。美国国会议员援蒋反共的行为动机既有传统政治因素的影响 ,也受特殊时代背景的制约。新中国成立前后美国国会在对华决策中扮演了一个至关重要的角色 。

The US Congress' role in Chinese-American relations has been consistently neglected by scholars.This paper will examine the Congress' stance on China in the period shortly after the founding of the People's Republic.The first part will examine its stance and statements on China:advocacy of continued assistance for Chiang Kaishek,demands of military protection of Taiwan,and opposition to recognizing the new China.The second part will analyze Congress members' motives for supporting Chiang and opposing the CCP;these included traditional political factors,as well as the constraints of the time.The third part will evaluate the role of Congress in China policy at the time-an extraordinarily important role,but not an entirely dominant one.