中文读写能力及其相关因素研究

FACTORS INFLUENCING CHINESE SCHOOL CHILDREN'S READING ABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM A PARENTAL QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY

使用 5点量表 ,本研究在北京地区调查了 2 187名小学一、三、五年级儿童的中文读写能力及其相关因素。因素分析抽取了 8个因素 :书面语意义理解、基本知觉能力、书写技能、家庭阅读背景、动作技能、口语能力、朗读和听写、书面表达。对上述因素进行多元逐步回归分析发现 ,各种读写能力内部相关显著。基本知觉能力、口语能力、家庭阅读背景和动作技能分别对中文读写能力的不同成分有显著解释作用。这个结果对于理解阅读能力发展及其与家庭阅读背景、口语、基本知觉 -动作能力之间的关系 ,以及阅读障碍的内在机制具有重要的理论意义。

Using a five-point questionnaire, this study surveyed 2187 parents of school children in Beijing and asked them to report their children' s cognitive performance in reading. Factor analysis extracted 8 influencing factors: written languagecomprehension, basic perception, handwriting skill, family reading background, motor skill, spoken language expression and comprehension, reading and dictation, text writing. Regression analysis found that there were significant correlations between components of reading and writing skills. Basic perceptual processing ability, spoken language expression and comprehension, family reading background, and motor skill could account significantly for different components of children's reading and writing ability. These results provided important insight into the relations between basic perceptual ability and reading development and into the mechanisms underlying developmental dyslexia.