西周初年祭礼颂歌考述

Research of Sacrificial Songs in the Beginning of West-Zhou Dynasty

本文详细考察了《诗经》中创作于西周初年武王、周公时代的祭祀颂歌。在此基础上进一步提出 :在周人的祭祀仪式中 ,《颂》与《雅》往往配合使用 ,分别承担着不同的仪式功能 ,“颂”为敬神之歌、献祭之歌 ,对象为神 ;“雅”为述功之歌、垂戒之歌 ,对象为与祭之人。另外 ,随着周代礼乐制度的确定 ,周人思想观念中的“颂” 。

This text discusses the sacrificial songs that were produced at the beginning of west-Zhou Dynasty. On the basis of such discussion, the author put forward opinion: the songs of Song(颂)and Ya(雅) were cooperated in their sacrificial rites of Zhou Dynasty, and they played different ritual functions, 'Song' were sung for the gods, while 'Ya' for the people. At the same time, in people of Zhou's opinion, the scope of Song was enlarged from the name of songs for sacrificial rite of God to the category also including some songs for sacrificial rite of ancestors.