亚里士多德心理学思想述评

Commentary on Aristotle's Psychology Thought

亚里士多德是古希腊思想家、科学家、哲学家,形式逻辑的奠基人。他不仅在哲学和逻辑等领域成就卓著,而且在他的著作中也渗透了一定的心理学思想。文章从人体构造与心理体验、遗传与环境、记忆、想象和梦、学习与推理以及个性与性格等方面论述了亚里士多德的心理学思想。他的思想是:第一,所有生物都有灵魂,心理疾病源于身体。第二,生物在繁殖过程中能适应环境和他们的需要。第三,他提倡用观察和实验法研究知识、记忆和逻辑思维。第四,学习应与具体情况相结合。第五,血液影响人的情绪和性格。良好的性格通过良好的行为得到发展。

Aristotle acquired remarkable achievement in philosophy,logic and other aspects.Much psychological thought has been permeated in his works.Aristotle's psychological thought of the construction of human body,inheritance and environment,memory,imagine and dream,study and inference,personaliby,temperament have been discussed in this paper:All of living things have soul.Mental illness stems from body.Living things can adapt to the environment and their need in the process of their reproduction.He advocated studing knowledge,memory and logic thought with observation and experimentation.Studing must be combined with specific situation.Blood affects men's feeling and personality.Good nuture develops with good behaviour.