非典应激与心理健康——护士学生非典时期心理应激与焦虑状态调查

Stress of SARS and Psychological Health ——A Investigation of Response to SARS Stress and Anxiety Level of Nurse Student in SARS Prevalence Period

目的 :了解护士学生在“非典”流行期的心理应激反应程度和焦虑水平 ,为开展针对性心理指导提供科学依据。方法 :用危机反应问卷和焦虑自评量表 (SAS)对四川大学华西医院护理学院在校 2 - 4年级开始接触临床护理 (见习或实习 )的 2 99护士学生进行有关非典危机心理应激反应和焦虑状态调查。结果 :护士学生在面对非典危机的应激反应中存在一定的认知、情绪和行为的损害 (损害很轻占 5 6 8% ,轻度损害的占 13 8% ,中度损害的占 5 4 % ,显著和严重损害的占 2 4 % ) ;焦虑自评结果 (39 89+11 98)高于中国常模 (2 9 78± 0 4 6 ) ,两者有统计学显著差异 ,P <0 0 5 ;护士学生的危机应激反应程度与其焦虑水平有一定关系r为 0 6 85 ,P <0 0 1。结论 :面对非典危机的应激反应 ,护士学生在认知、情绪和行为上存在一定程度的损害 ,焦虑水平高于中国常模 ,心理应激反应程度与焦虑水平呈正相关关系。该结果提示应重视护士学生在非典危机中的反应 ,对严重影响者应提供及时的心理干预 ,避免心理障碍的发生。同时 ,应加强对学生应对能力的培养 ,提高学生应答危机事件的能力。

Objective:To investigate the response of emotional stress and anxiety level of nurse students during SARS prevalence period.To provide a guideline for emotional intervene.Methods:Crisis response scale and self-assessed anxiety scale were used to measure the response to psychological stress and anxiety level of 299 nurse students from West China Nursing College of Sichuan University.Results:Nurse students had some impairment of cognition,emotion and behavior in the stress response to SARS prevalence,among which 56.8% only had slight impairment,mild and moderate impairment were 13.8% and 5.4% separately,and 2.4% had severe impairment.The self-assessment of anxiety (39.89+11.98) is higher than normal Chinese (29.78±0.46).The difference had statistic significance (P<0.01).The level of response may correlate with anxiety level (R=0.685).Conclusion:There was impairment of cognition,emotion and behavior of nurse students in the SARS prevalence period,and their anxiety level were higher than normal Chinese with a positive correlation with stress response level.The response of nurse students during SARS period should be emphasized,and appropriate emotional intervention should be provided to prevent the mental disorders.