论秦郑国渠的引水方式

Research on the Pattern of Drawing Water of the Zhengguo Channel of the Qin Dynasty

近代以来经过水利、农史、考古等各方面学者的论证，形成了颇有影响的郑国渠首筑有土石大坝拦河蓄水的观点，一些水利史志学者也提出了郑国第无坝自流引水的说法。本文认为这两种观点的提出对解决郑国渠引水方式这一学术问题有一定的贡献，但也都有无法通解之处，从实际遗存、文献记载、当时泾河水文特点及引浑淤灌性质来看，郑国第初修时采取的是筑导流土堰壅水入渠的引水方式，后来转变为凿渠引水。

In recent years some scholars examine the matter from various angles such as irrigation, cul- trual history, archaeology. They conclude that earth-stone dam was constructed to retain water on the Zhengguo Channel, and some scholors argument that water flew automatically into the fields. the two theories contribute to the academic problem, but there are some questionable points. According to the remains, historical documents,hydrologlc Characteristics of the Jinghe River and the character of channeling turbid water into the fields in that times, the author insists that the diversion earth-dam was constructed to draw water in the early Period, lately it drew water by digging cannals.