精神病人辨认能力和控制能力的多因素分析

Factor Analysis of Cognitive and Volitional Capacity of Psychotic Offenders

目的探讨更科学、客观地评定辨认能力和控制能力的方法。方法对239例刑事责任能力评定案件资料进行相关分析和逐步判别分析,筛选出对辨认能力和控制能力评定有重要影响的判别因子。结果辨认能力与控制能力的判别因子稍有差异,但与责任能力三者之间高度相关;精神科诊断、作案现实动机、作案对象选择性、作案后逃避责任、生活自理能力损害、现实检验能力损害为辨认能力的判别因子;精神科诊断、作案现实动机、作案前先兆、作案对象选择性、作案后逃避责任、工作学习能力的损害、自知力损害、现实检验能力损害、自我控制能力损害为控制能力的判别因子;建立的辨认能力和控制能力的判别方程经组内、组外考核有较高的正确率。结论辨认能力和控制能力判定的多元方程有较好的实用价值,有助于提高鉴定结论的一致性。

Objective To explore a more scientific and ob- jective method to assess the cognitive and volitional capacity in psychotic offenders. Method Correlate analyses and stepwise discriminant analyses were conducted for 239 cases to inspect the discriminant facts of cognitive and volitional ca- pacity in psychotic offenders. Results There were some dif- ferences between the discriminant facts of cognitive and voli- tional capacity, but both had significant correlation with crimi- nal responsibility. The discriminant facts of cognitive capacity include psychiatric diagnose, realistic motivation, object selec- tivity of commiting an offence, shirking responsibility after commiting an offence, impairment of self-sustaining and impair- ment of reality testing. The discriminant facts of volitional ca- pacity include psychiatric diagnose, realistic motivation, aura before commiting an offence, object selectivity of commiting an offence, shirking responsibility after commiting an offence, im- pairment of work or learning ability, impairment of insight, im- pairment of reality testing and impairment of self-control. The results of discriminant equations of cognitive and volitional ca- pacity had a high consistent with the result from experts. Con- clusion It is suggested that the discriminant equations of cog- nitive and volitional capacity be used in the assessment of re- sponsibility for psychotic offenders. [