福建省正常人群病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查

Sero-Epidemiological Study of Viral Hepatitis in Fujian

按照全国肝炎流行病学调查统一方案，我省于１９９２年在国家疾病监测点正常人群中开展病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查。以家庭为单位整群抽样，采血２２１０人，采血率９１．６％，进行五型病毒性肝炎８项指标测定。ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｓ、抗－ＨＢｃ用ＲＩＡ法检测，ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗－ＨＡＶ、抗－ＨＣＶ、抗－ＨＤＶ、抗－ＨＥＶ用ＥＩＡ法检测。检测结果５个疾病监测点各型肝炎病毒标化感染率为ＨＡＶ７６．９％、ＨＢＶ７３．６％、ＨＣＶ３．４％、ＨＤＶ１．３％、ＨＥＶ１６．６％、ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率１７．２％、抗－ＨＢｓ３０．６％、抗－ＨＢｃ６７．ｏ％、ＨＢｅＡｇ６．７％。调查揭示了我省病毒性肝炎流行病学的一些规律和特征。如ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率男性高于女性；它的年龄分布曲线显示出儿童峰和成年峰；ＨＢｓＡｇ家庭聚集率为３７．２％；接种乙肝疫苗者抗－ＨＢｓ阳转率升高，而ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ阳性率降低；青壮年ＨＥＶ感染率高。调查结果表明我省是ＨＡＶ、ＨＢＶ、ＨＥＶ的高感染区。

According to the unified programme of the national hepatitis sero-epidemiological study, a sero-epidemiological survey on viral hepatitis was carried out in normal population in the diseases surveillance points(DSPs) in Fujian province since 1992. The whole population was sampled by household. A total of 2210 serum samples was collected for screening 8 serological markers of the viral hepatitis. The HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc serological markers were screened by RIA. The HBeAg,anti-HAV, anti-HCV, anti-HDV and anti-HEV by EIA. The results showed that the standardized prevalence rates of HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV and HEV were 76. 9%,73. 6%, 3. 4%, 1. 3% and 16. 6% respectively, and the positive rate of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg were 17. 2%, 30. 6%, 67. 0% and 6. 7% respectively. The data obtained from survey had revealed some basic epidemiological regularities and features of the viral hepatitis. For example, the HBsAg prevalence in males was higher than in females. There were two peaks evidenced in children and in adults on the curve of age distribution of HBsAg. The family clustering rate of HBsAg was 37. 2%. The anti-HBs conversion rate among immunized persons with HB vaccineshowed increasing trend and the HBsAg or anti-HBe positive rate decreasing. The high HEV prevalence was found in the young-robusts. These results suggest that Fujian province is a highly endemic area for HAV, HBV, HEV infection.