沈阳油田高凝油集输工艺试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF GATHERING AND TRANSMITTING TECHNIQUE OF HIGH POUR POINT CRUDE IN SHENYANG OILFIELD

沈阳油田为高含蜡、高凝固点的原油，原油集输十分困难。为解决此问题，先做了原油流变性试验，但原油含水率上升，流变指数变小，稠度增大，输送困难；通过加降凝剂试验，效果亦也不佳，无法达到工业应用的目的；进行热处理试验，可达到降粘、降凝目的，但因降低幅度不大，失去实用意义；加稀释剂试验效果较好，但掺入量较大；采用磁防蜡器经两年试验，效果虽好，但输油温度要控制在凝固点附近而不易做到。最后研制出套管伴热保温、集肤效应电伴热、自限式电热带保温和热解堵车等四种热输油工艺技术，解决了高凝油集输的问题，创造了可观地经济效益。

The oil of high wax content and high pour point in Shenyang oilfield is very difficult to gather and transmit.To solve this problem,rheological property test was done first,but it caused the rising of water cut of crude,the decrease in rheological index,the increase in consistency,and the difficulty in transmission.Depressant adding test was also unsatisfied,and could not meet the need of commercial use.Heat treatment test could achieve viscosity reduction and pour point depression,but the results were not notable,therefore this method is not practical.Diluent adding test achieved good result,but the added volume was great.Magnetic wax controllor test had been done for two years,although the result was good,to control the oil delivery temperature near the pour point was difficult.At last,four types of thermal oil transmission techniques were developed.They are the casing pipe with heat tracing,the surface action with electric tracing,the self confining ribbon heater and the truck of plug releasing by heat.These techniques solve the problem of gathering and transmitting of high pour point crude,and bring impressive economic benefit.