不同溶剂神府煤超临界萃取研究

STUDY ON THE SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION OF SHENFU COAL WITH DIFFERENT SOLVENTS

本文以我国新开发的特大煤田——神府煤为研究对象,在半连续装置上,以水、甲苯以及水和甲苯中分别加入少量四氢萘为溶剂进行超临界萃取研究。详细地考察了无机溶剂水、有机溶剂甲苯及供氢溶剂四氢萘对萃取过程的影响。实验结果表明,超临界萃取是神府煤的有效利用途径之一,萃取物产率是铝甑焦油产率的2.65～5.72倍,萃取物中以预沥青烯为主要族组分;以甲笨为溶剂,萃取率高于以水为溶剂的;在水及甲苯中加入少量四氢萘,均可以大幅度地提高萃取率。

In a semi-continuous apparatus, Shenfu coal was extracted by supercritical water, toluene, 90% water+10% tetralin and 90% toluene +10% tetralin. The effects of the four solvents on the extraction process were investigated. The results indicated that extraction of Shenfu coal with the four solvents can all get high liquid yield that is 2.65～5.72 times of the yield of Fisch-assay tar oil. Using toluene as a solvent, the conversion and gas yield are lower than using water as a solvent, but extract yield is hihger than that extracted by water. Extraction with toluene has a physical process before 300℃, but extraction with water has not. The addition of 10% tetralin to water or toluene has a signficant improvement on conversion and extract yield.