亚硒酸钠和硒蛋氨酸的毒性比较

Studies on comparing the toxicity between sodium selenite and selenomethionine in rats

目的 比较亚硒酸钠和硒蛋氨酸毒性差异以及探讨硒中毒的指标。方法 将断乳Wistar大鼠随机分为 7组 ,每组 14只 ,雌雄各半。其中一组为对照组 ,另外六组分别给予含硒 3、6、10mg kg的亚硒酸钠或硒蛋氨酸饲料 ,于第 12周将其处死。结果 当饲料硒水平达到 3mg kg时 ,动物肝脏出现病理变化 ,在Se6mg kg时 ,体重才出现下降。饲料硒水平为 6、10mg kg时 ,同一饲料硒水平的亚硒酸钠组大鼠体重小于硒蛋氨酸组。饲料硒水平为 3、6mg kg时 ,硒蛋氨酸组大鼠的肝脏病理改变轻于亚硒酸钠组 ,雄性大鼠轻于雌性。亚硒酸钠组较硒蛋氨酸组或雌性大鼠较雄性大鼠在肝脏体重比方面变化更为明显。除雌性大鼠肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPX)活性随硒水平升高而降低外 ,其它补硒各组肝、红细胞、血浆GPX活性具有随硒水平的升高而升高的趋势。结论 大鼠硒中毒的剂量为Se 3mg kg,硒蛋氨酸的毒性小于亚硒酸钠 。

Objective To compare the toxicity between sodium selenite and selenomethionine (SeM) and to investigate the indicators of selenium toxicity. Methods Weanling Wistar rats of both sexes were randomly divided into seven groups, 14 rats each group. One group was fed basal diet and the others were fed basal diets containing 3,6,10 mg Se/kg added as sodium selenite or SeM for 12 weeks. Results Histopathological changes of the liver were observed in rats on Se 3mg/kg diets while the decreasing of body weight occurred in rats on 6 Se mg/kg diet. Among the rats fed Se 6, 10mg /kg diet, the body weight of rats in selenite-treated groups was lower than that of rats in SeM-treated groups. At the 3 or 6mg/kg Se level, the rats fed SeM suffered slighter hepatic damage than those fed sodium selenite and in male rats slighter than female rats. The abnormal change of ratio of liver weight to body weight was found to be more obvious both in female rats and in selenite-treated rats. GPX activity in liver of female rats reduced with the increase of Se level in diets. However, GPX activity in RBC, plasma, kidneys and liver showed an ascending tendency with the increasing level of dietary Se. Conclusion The minimum dose of intoxication of Se in diet may be around 3mg/kg. The toxicity of selenite is greater than that of SeM and female rats were more sensitive to excessive selenium than male rats.