兔腮腺涎瘘模型的建立

Establishment of a rabbit parotid fistula model

目的 :建立兔腮腺涎瘘的模型。 方法 :选取 10只新西兰白兔 ,随机确定在每只兔的一侧颊部皮肤作角形切口 ,解剖面神经分支并锐性剥离腮腺组织 ,腮腺残端不结扎 ,再严密缝合切口。在兔的另一侧颊部皮肤作同样的角形切口 ,翻开组织瓣后再复位缝合作对照。术后 7天内连续观察局部肿胀和创口渗出情况 ,并于术后 6天测定穿刺液中唾液淀粉酶含量。 结果 :实验侧腮腺区术后 1～ 5天出现渐进性肿胀 ,伤口有清亮液体渗出。术后 7天 ,在腮腺肿胀区切开皮肤后 ,有大量清亮的液体流出 ;继续观察 7天 ,创口不愈 ,并不断有清亮的液体流出 ;肿胀区穿刺液中唾液淀粉酶含量均高于 10 0 0 0U/L。对照侧腮腺区术后 1天出现轻度肿胀 ,创口无渗出 ,并随着时间的推移 ,腮腺区肿胀逐渐消失。肉眼观察和唾液淀粉酶检测证实 ,10只新西兰兔实验侧的腮腺涎瘘模型均取得成功。结论 :通过解剖兔面神经、锐性剥离腮腺组织而造成涎瘘 ,方法简便 ,重复性好 。

Objective: To set up a model of rabbit parotid fistula. Methods: Incisions on the buccal skin of either side were made in 10 rabbits, and the branches of facial nerves were dissected and the parotid tissue over the branches of facial nerves was incised. Then the incisions on the buccal skin were sutured. The same incisions were made on the buccal skin of the other side and sutured immediately as control. Buccal swelling and incision exudation were observed within seven days, and the amylase levels of the exudates were evaluated on the sixth day after operation. Results:Gradual swelling was present at the parotid region of the experimental side during the first to the fifth days after operation, and clear exudation was observed in the incision within seven days. The aspirates contained more than 10 000 U/L of amylase. Light swelling was present at the parotid region of the control side one day after the operation and went down gradually with time, and no exudation was observed in the incision. Conclusion:Rabbit parotid fistula created by dissecting facial nerves and incising parotid tissue may be a simple, convenient and ideal model of parotid fistula.