陆地棉早熟性的生理代谢基础与后代传递

The Metabolic Mechanism and Inheritance of Earliness in Upland Cotton

选用3个陆地棉中熟品种和3个陆地棉早熟品种以及中熟品种与早熟品种正、反交 F_1和 F_2材料,通过分析各品种不同生育时期根伤流量、叶片可溶性总糖、蛋白质和淀粉含量,发现初花期以前中熟品种和早熟品种4项生理指标差异不明显,至花铃盛期申熟品种的根伤流量、叶片可溶性总糖和蛋白质含量明显高于早熟品种,而叶片淀粉含量又显著低于早熟品种。说明初花前棉株内部生理代谢对早熟性影响较小,而花铃盛期影响较大,且主要表现在同化物质的积累与分配方式上。进一步对中熟×早熟与早熟×中熟的 F_1和 F_2花铃盛期叶片的可溶性总糖、蛋白质和淀粉含量进行分析得出,中熟×早熟与早熟×中熟的 F_1和 F_2花铃盛期叶片的3项生理指标均接近于早熟亲本,说明早熟品种无论作母本还是作父本对杂交后代植株内部生理代谢的影响都比中熟品种大。

Three varieties of full and short—season cotton(FSC,SSC)and the F_1、F_2 of Zhongmian 12×Yu 1109,with reciprocals,were chosen to study the relation between varietal earliness and the amount of bleeding sap in root and the content of total soluable saccharide, protein and starch in leaves at various development stage.The four physiological indices had no obvious difference between FSC and SSC before flower appearing,while in full blooming and boiling stage the amount of bleeding sap in root and the content of total soluable saccharide and protein in leaves in FSC were significantly higher than those in SSC,and the content of strach in leaves were lower than that in SSC.This showed that the physiological metabolism had little effect on cotton earliness before flower appearing,but had significant effect in full blooming and boiling stage.Further study on the F_1 and F_2 of Zhongmian 12×Yu 1109 and their recip- rocals showed that the content of total so uable saccharide,protein and starch in leaves of F_1 and F_2 were nearly the same as those of SSC.This indicated that SSC,whether as male or as female,had greater effects on the metabolism of F_1 and F_2 than FSC.