低酚棉种质资源的研究

Studies on Germplasm Resources of Glandless Cotton

1988～1990年在保定地区自然条件下。对145个国内外不同来源的低酚棉品种(系)的生育特性、产量表现和纤维品质进行了研究。结果表明,多数品种的熟性差异不大,从播种到吐絮135～140天的品种占91.72％。产量性状中,铃重、衣分、子指和衣指的变异度较小,而子棉和皮棉产量的变异潜力较大。纤维品质性状的变异程度较产量性状小。国内品种与国外引进品种相比,具有较早熟、衣分高、子指小、产量高、纤维长、细度好的特点,而国外品种的棉铃大、纤维强度高。通过鉴定和筛选,获得了数十份具有丰产、大铃、高衣分、长纤维、高强度和细度好等不同种质特性的优异种质资源。

One hundred and forty—five varieties (strains) of glandless cotton from home and abroad were studied at Baoding zone during 1988～1990. Maturity of most of these cottons were not significantly different, 91.72％ of the varieties need 135～140 days from sowing to boll opening. The variability of single boll weight, lint percentage, seed index and llnt index were lower than that of seedcotton and lint yields. The variability of fibre traits were lower than that of yield characters. The comparison of home—bred varieties and foreign cottons showed that the former were characterized by earlier maturity, higher lint percentage, lower seed index, high yield, longer fibre and better fineness, the latter showed higher boll weight and fibre strength. Through the investagation, dozens of excellent germplasm resources with various characteristics were selected.