碘酸钾、碘化钾对小鼠甲状腺形态结构和功能的影响

The effects of potassium iodate and potassium iodide on morphology and function of thyroid in mice

目的 用接近于流行病现场调查的碘水平复制小鼠动物模型 ,研究不同碘剂对小鼠甲状腺形态结构和功能的影响。方法 将小鼠按体重随机分为基础饲料组 (NG)、适碘酸钾组 (NO)、高碘酸钾组 (HO)、高碘化钾组 (HI) ,喂养90d后 ,测定甲状腺重量、血清甲状腺激素、尿碘水平 ,在光镜和电镜下观察甲状腺形态结构的变化。结果 10 0 μg/L的水碘即可导致小鼠胶质样甲状腺肿 ,使甲状腺绝对重量和相对重量增加 ;与NG组比较 ,HO组和HI组血清T4、尿碘水平上升 ,血清T3 水平无明显变化 ;HO组尿碘水平高于HI组 ;NO组与NG组比较 ,除尿碘水平上升外 ,其余各项指标无明显变化。结论 当饮水中碘浓度为 10 0 μg/L时 ,碘酸钾与碘化钾均可引起小鼠甲状腺肿大和甲状腺功能改变 ,两者无明显不同 ;小鼠对碘酸钾的利用率低于对碘化钾的利用率。

Objective Using the iodine level found in epidemiological investigation spot to study the effects of potassium iodate and potassium iodide on morphology and function of thyroid.Methods The mice were divided into four groups randomly according to the mice's weight:normal fodder group(NG),normal potassium iodate group(NO),high potassium iodate group(HO) and high potassium iodide group(HI).After 90 days,the weight of thyroid,the thyroid serum hormone and urinary iodine were tested.Moreover,morphology of thyroid was investigated under light microscope and electronic microscope.Results When iodine dose is 100 μg/L,it could induce colloid goiter and the increase of absolute and relative weight of thyroid.Compared with NG,the serum T4 and urinary iodine increased significantly in HO and HI,the serum T3 had no significant difference between HO and HI.The urinary iodine in HO was higher than that in HI.Compared with NG,there was no significant difference in NO except the urinary iodine.Conclusions When iodine dose is 100μg/L,both potassium iodate and potassium iodide can induce colloid goiter and the change of thyroid's function in mice,and there is no significant difference between them.The utilization of potassium iodate is lower than that of potassium iodide.