对我国产品责任构成要件的法律思考

Legal Thought of the Constructive Elements of Our Country's Product Liability

适用产品责任的产品应包括普通工业品,初级农产品、无形产品,建设工程不动产。界定产品是否构成缺陷,应以其能否提供正常使用所能期待的安全性,是否存在危及人身、财产安全的不合理的危险为标准。产品的购买者、使用者及因使用产品而受损害的第三人都是产品责任的权利主体,有权要求产品的生产者、销售者承担产品责任的义务。无论是缺陷产品的生产者还是销售者,对直接责任的承担适用严格责任原则,在最终责任上,生产者实行严格责任,销售者适用过错责任。

The products which are applied to product liability are ordinary industrial products, primary agricultual products, immaterial products and construction immovables. Determining the faults of product should take their expectant safty, danger and whether it can risk people's lives into account. The buyer, the user and the party injured are all the right individual, who have right to ask the producer and the seller to undertake the responsibility. Both the producer and the seller should undertake direct responsibility, which applies to strict liability. As to the final liability, the former should take strict liability and the latter undertake fault liability.