中国新疆回族人口的变迁、分布与特点

Changes, Distribution and Characteristics of Chinese Hui People in Xinjiang

新疆境内回族人口历史,最早可追溯于13世纪,清朝及民国年间为人口增长的一个重要时期。解放后至今除出现一些间断性的小波动之外,均呈稳步增长态势。新疆回族人口集聚于天山以北,与历史上中央政府制定的政策、移民倾向以及地区工农业、商业、交通发展有关。新疆回族人口聚居于海拔500米以及低于海平面的盆地层带,在聚居于农业区比重较大的同时,还具有在城郊、交通枢纽及水源充足的地居住的独有特点。其人口在稳步增长的基础上,各地人口比例出现变化。其城镇化人口比重呈上升趋势,但进度极为缓慢。

Chinese Hui people's history within the territory of Xinjiang, traces back to the 13th century, and the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China were two peaks of population growth. Since the liberation, besides some small discontinuous fluctuation, the population grows steadily. The Chinese Hui people in Xinjiang gathering to the North of Tianshan Mountain has close relations with the policies made by the central governments in the history, the migration tendency and the regional development in industry, agriculture, commerce and traffic. The Chinese Hui people grow steadily and the proportion has changeed a lot, with the urban population's proportion increasing at slow paces.