1994～2003年我国火灾的流行病学分析

Fire characteristic analysis based on fire statistics of China from 1994 to 2003

目的 分析 1994～ 2 0 0 3年我国火灾的流行病学特征 ,探讨火灾危险因素和防范措施 ,为预防和控制火灾伤害提供一定理论依据。方法 采用回顾法对我国 1994～ 2 0 0 3年火灾资料进行描述性研究。结果 近十年火灾发生呈现上升趋势 ;群死群伤特大火灾明显增多 ,公众聚集场所是火灾高发场所 ;东部沿海地区火灾严重 ;火灾发生的直接原因 82 .1%为人为因素 ;春季和冬季火灾高发 ,夏季较少 ;白天火灾多于晚上 ;时间以 18:0 0～ 2 0 :0 0多发。结论 我国的火灾总体形势严峻 ,针对火灾危险因素进行积极防范十分必要。

Objective To understand the characteristic and risk factors of fire accidents in China from 1994 to 2003 and to provide the preventive measures for fire injury control. Methods Descriptive analysis. Results There was an increasing trend of fire accidents during the past 10 years, so was the number of fires with massive casualties. Public place was the most high-risk place for conflagration. The situation was more serious in the eastern costal cities. About 82.1% of the fires were directly caused by people. Fires happened more in spring and winter, and less in summer. There were more fires in the day time, especially between 18:00 and 20:00. Conclusions The general situation of fire was serious. It was necessary to carry out fire prevention aiming at certain risk factors.