回热器填料布置方式对脉管制冷特性影响实验研究

Experimental Investigation of Regenerator Matrices on Performance of Pulse Tube Cooler

考察了不同工作模式下 ,回热器填料布置方式对制冷机性能的影响和作用机理 ,结果表明 :在不同工作模式下 ,回热器填料布置方式对制冷性能的影响不尽相同。对于实验用单级 G-M型脉管制冷机 ,采用 2 k W压缩机 RW2驱动时 ,在小孔模式下 ,受调相能力的制约 ,回热器冷端采用铅丸代替不锈钢丝网 ,并不能进一步降低制冷温度 ,其制冷温度被限制在 3 0 K温区附近 ;而对于双向进气模式 ,最低制冷温度则从原来的 2 7K降低至 1 8.4K,相应的制冷量和 COP在所测温度范围内均明显增大 ,而且有效地避免了制冷温度不稳定现象的发生。

The influence of the regenerator matrices on different operation modes is investigated. Experimental result shows that besides the regenerative material thermodynamic property, the operational mode of the cooler also has a great effect on the performance of the cooler. For a single-stage G-M type pulse tube cooler driven by RW2(2kW nominal)compressor, operating under orifice mode, replacing 1/3 stainless steel meshes at the cold part of the regenerator by lead balls cannot lead to a lower minimum temperature. The minimum temperature is limited to 30 K. While the cooler operating on double-inlet mode, the minimum temperature drops from 27 K to 18 4 K when the cold end part fills with lead balls. In all the measured temperature regions, the performance of the cooler is better than that of 100% space stainless steel screen mesh. Temperature instability in high temperature region can be overcome.