摘要
Conversion of natural forests into pure plantation forests is a common management practice in subtropical China.To evaluate the effects of forest conversion on soil fertility, microbe numbers and enzyme activities in topsoils (0-10 cm)were quantified in two 33-year-old monoculture plantations of Castanopsis kawakamii Hayata (CK) and Cunninghamia lanceolata Lamb. (Chinese fir) (CF), and compared to a neighboring relict natural C. kawakamii forest (NF), in Sanming,Fujian. Five soil samples were collected once each in January, April, July, September and November in 2000 in each forest for laboratory analysis. Over the sampling year, there were significant differences for bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes between forests and between seasons (P ＜ 0.05). The largest bacteria and fungi populations were in NF, while CF contained the greatest number of actinomycetes. There were also significant differences (P ＜ 0.05) with microbial respiration for forests and seasons. Additionally, compared with NF, urease and acid phosphatase were significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05)in CK and CF. Also, the correlations of soil hydrolysable N and available P to soil microbial and enzymatic activities were highly significant (P ＜ 0.01). Thus, to alter the traditional Chinese fir monoculture so as to mimic the natural forest conditions, managing mixed stands of Chinese fir and broadleaf trees or conducting crop rotation of conifers and broadleaf trees as well as minimizing forest disturbances like clear-cutting, slash burning and soil preparing, could be utilized.
Conversion of natural forests into pure plantation forests is a commonmanagement practice in subtropical China. To evaluate the effects of forest conversion on soilfertility, microbe numbers and enzyme activities in topsoils (0―10 cm) were quantified in two33-year-old monoculture plantations of Castanopsis kawakamii Hayata (CK) and Cunninghamia lanceolataLamb. (Chinese fir) (CF), and compared to a neighboring relict natural C. kawakamii forest (NF), inSanming, Fujian. Five soil samples were collected once each in January, April, July, September andNovember in 2000 in each forest for laboratory analysis. Over the sampling year, there weresignificant differences for bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes between forests and between seasons (P< 0.05). The largest bacteria and fungi populations were in NF, while CF contained the greatestnumber of actinomycetes. There were also significant differences (P < 0.05) with microbialrespiration for forests and seasons. Additionally, compared with NF, urease and acid phosphatasewere significantly lower (P < 0.05) in CK and CF. Also, the correlations of soil hydrolysable N andavailable P to soil microbial and enzymatic activities were highly significant (P < 0.01). Thus, toalter the traditional Chinese fir monoculture so as to mimic the natural forest conditions, managingmixed stands of Chinese fir and broadleaf trees or conducting crop rotation of conifers andbroadleaf trees as well as minimizing forest disturbances like clear-cutting, slash burning and soilpreparing, could be utilized.
基金
the Basic Research Program of Fujian Province (No. 2000-F-004).
关键词
生物变化
中国冷杉
人工栽培
自然林
土壤酶
微生物
chinese fir
monoculture plantation
natural forest
soil enzymes
soilmicrobes
