高温磨损中合金组成体的作用及其相互依赖

The Effect and Mutual Dependence of Alloy Composite in High Temperature Wear

作者用其自制的高温磨损试验机考察了不同含碳量的Fe-Cr及Fe-Cr-Mn合金的高温耐磨性。通过数据分析及磨损面和亚表层之结构和组织的观察,论述了共晶碳化物及金属基体在高温磨损条件下对材料耐磨性的贡献和相互依赖性。作者指出,高硬度共晶碳化物在高温磨损过程中能够发挥一定的抵抗磨料的作用而使合金的耐磨性提高;基体组织在高温时的塑性变形是影响合金高温耐磨性的一个重要因素,它直接影响共晶碳化物发挥抵抗磨料作用的程度;Fe-Cr-Mn合金中由于Mn的加入改善了基体组织的性能,使其硬度和高温耐磨性均比Fe-Cr合金的高。

A high temperature abrasive wear test of Fe-Cr and Fe-Cr-Mn alloys containing various contents of C ranging from 0. 50% to 2. 94% were carried out at 800℃ , 660℃ and 520℃ in a self-made wear tester. Through the examination of morphology of worn surface and microstructure of subsurface,the mutual dependence and contribution of eutectic carbide and matrix to wear resistance were discussed at high temperature. The main findings were as follows: a. The eutectic carbide is of benefit to increasing the high temperature wear resistance of alloy but it depends on the deformation resistance of matrix. b. The deformation resistance of matrix is one of the important factors for wear resistance of the alloy at high temperature. If the matrix had the enough deformation resistance the carbide would be supported enough and then the wear resistance of the alloy would be increased, if the matrix had not enough deformation resistance the carbide would be fractured owing to the plastic deformation of matrix. c. In Fe-Cr-Mn alloy the matrix is strengthened by Mn, so that the wear resistance of high temperature is better than that of Fe-Cr alloy at the some content of eutectic carbide.