超大型海洋结构物海上安全运输绑扎件设计

Design of fastening structures for sea-going transportation of very-large offshore structures

绑扎件的制作及安装过程中,由于考虑的因素不够周全,或强度不够造成海难事故,或因设计过于保守而造成材料的浪费。根据具体工程项目,结合实际工程经验,对该类绑扎系统设计中应注意的关键问题进行了剖析,包括构件的结构形式及尺寸设置,绑扎系统布置以及构件尺寸与运输船甲板结构的关系,绑扎系统受力计算模型的简化以及结构物对同一组绑扎件构件之间连接的模拟等,并给出具体的工程实例。可为海洋结构物运输的绑扎系统设计以及完善或制订相关标准提供依据,并有助于提高驳船结构计算机辅助设计与强度分析的精度。

Due to the insuafficient considered factors, either severe shipwreck as a result of weak structures or material waste owing to over-conservative design often occurs during the building and installation of fastening structures. Based on practical engineering experience, the critical issues on this kind of fastening structures' design and calculation are presented in this paper. These issues include: structural form of members and their dimensions, arrangement of fastening systems and the relationship between the members′ dimension and upper deck structure of the barge, simplification of mechanical models used for calculating the force acting on the fastening structures, and the simulation of the juncture among members of the same group of structures. An engineering case is also described in this paper. The studies provide some bases for the design of fastening structures for offshore structure′s transportation and the formulation and perfection of the corresponding criterion and standard, by the aid of which the CAD of barge structures and strength analysis can be carried out more precisely.