跨国公司向其在华合资企业技术转移决策系统分析

A systematic study on TNC's decision-making of technology transfer to joint venture in China

对于国外跨国公司 (TNC)来说 ,向其在华合资企业转移技术的结果是效益和风险并存 ,系统研究跨国公司的技术转移决策依据 ,对中方合作伙伴获取先进技术有着现实的指导意义。本文结合实际案例 ,构建出跨国公司在技术转移方面决策依据的指标体系 ,包括跨国公司对其在华合资企业的稳定性预期、技术转移与其全球战略一致性、技术转移的获利性、合资企业对新技术的吸收和适应能力、合资企业所处供应链的上下游企业对新技术配套支持能力和技术保密安全度 6个一级指标以及与之有关的 15个二级指标和 4 3个三级指标 ,并相应构建了技术转移可行性等级的多层次FCE模型 ,并用实例加以应用 ,利用定性和定量结合的FCE模型 ,可以较好地对技术转移可行性进行综合评价。

The result of transferring technology to its joint venture in China by TNC is garnering benefit together with risk. Systematic analysis on TNC's decision has directive meanings for Chinese partners to acquire advanced technology. With practical cases, this paper constructs index of gist on TNC's decision-making on technology transfer, including its anticipation on stability of joint venture, consistency with its global strategy, the capacity of gaining profit, absorptive & adaptive capacity of joint venture on new technology, the supportive capacity of its supply chains and joint venture's capacity of preventing technology leaking out. The general index includes 6 first-level indexes, 15 second-level indexes and 43 third-level indexes. This paper establishes one multi-levels FCE model to calculate grade of one practical case. FCE model that combines qualitative & quantitative analysis can evaluate feasibility of technology transfer comprehensively.