多级恒模阵对目标方位估计性能的实验研究

Experimental studies on the multistage constant modulus array for the estimation of directions-of-arrival

实验分析了一种重要的盲波束形成算法——多级恒模阵对多个统计独立目标的方位估计性能,并与一些“盲”的和非“盲”的方位估计算法进行了比较。首先考虑了理想的阵列模型。然后在阵元响应中加入阵元幅相误差,通过改变误差的大小,进一步分析了算法对阵列模型误差的稳健性。最后针对不同尺寸接收阵和目标间不同角度间距分别进行了水池实验。计算机仿真实验和水池实验数据处理结果表明:当目标源间统计独立时,多级恒模阵对目标信号的捕获、分离不依赖于阵列流形,可以在盲分离信号的基础上估计出目标方位,角度分辨率不受瑞利限的限制,而且对阵列模型误差具有较好的稳健性。该结果验证了多级恒模阵可以对统计独立的多目标方位进行稳健盲估计。

The performance of the multistage Constant Modulus (CM) array, one of the most striking blind beamform-ing algorithms, for the source Directions-of-Arrival (DOAs) estimation was analyzed via the computer simulations and the water tank experiments, and was compared to that of other DOA estimation algorithms including the 'non-blind' and the 'blind'. Firstly, a nominal array model and an array model with gain and phase perturbations were established, respectively. Secondly, the multistage CM array algorithm was described and computer simulations were conducted. Simulation results showed that the multistage CM array could correctly estimate the DOA at the same time when the sources were blindly recovered, and the angle separation ability of the algorithm was beyond the Rayleigh limit. By changing the variance of the array model error, it was also verified that the multistage CM array was more robust to the errors than some other algorithms mentioned in this paper. Finally, the water tank experiments and data processing results were provided. Situations with different array sizes and source angular separations were considered. It was shown that the results were in good agreement with computer simulations. Results of computer simulations and water tank experiments verified that the DOA of the multiple independent sources could be blindly and robustly estimated with the multistage CM array.