预热退火对铀和铀铌合金氢化动力学的影响

Influence of Preheating and Annealing on the Reaction Kinetics of Uranium and Uranium-Niobium Alloys With Hydrogen Gas

用压力 体积 温度(P V T)法研究了铀和铀铌合金与氢气反应的动力学过程。研究结果表明,加热预处理可以缩短铀和铀铌合金试样与氢气反应的孕育期;加热预处理温度(600～700℃)对铀和铀铌合金与氢气反应的影响不同。加热预处理温度为600℃、反应温度为200℃时,低碳铀、高碳铀、铀 7%铌合金和铀 3.5%铌合金与氢气反应的活性依次增强。因此,高碳铀和铀铌合金比低碳铀更易于与氢气反应。

The reaction kinetics of uranium and uranium-niobium with hydrogen gas is studied by pressure-volume-temperature (P-V-T) method. The results show that preheating and annealing can shorten the incubation period for the reactions of bulk uranium and uranium-niobium alloys with H_2. The influence of preheating in the temperature range 600～700 ℃ on the hydrogenation kinetics is different for uranium and uranium-niobium alloys. When samples are preheated at 600 ℃, cooled down to 200 ℃, and then let to react with H_2 at this temperature, the reactivity increases along the sequence low-carbon uranium < high-carbon uranium < 93% U-7% Nb alloy < 96.5% U-3.5% Nb alloy.