纳米复合陶瓷

CERAMIC NANOCOMPOSITES

纳米复合陶瓷可分为四种类型:分散型、梯度型、被复型和纳米-纳米复合。纳米复合微粒的制备有气相法、液相法和固相法。分散型和被复型纳米复合陶瓷的室温韧性和强度约提高2～5倍,其高温硬度、韧性、强度、蠕变、疲劳断裂强度、热冲击特性等亦得到显著改善。纳米-纳米复合材料具有可加工性和超塑性等新功能。本文评价和探讨了纳米复合陶瓷的力学性能和纳米尺寸分散的作用。

Ceramic nanocomposites can be divided into four categories: Dispersion type, Gradient type, Coating type and nano/nano Composite. The nanocomposites particles can be prepared by using Gas, Liquid phase and Solid phase methods: For dispersion and coating nanocomposites toughness and strength at room temperature were two to five times higher than those of ordinary ceramic materials. Meanwhile, the hardness, toughness, strength and fracture resistance for creep and fatigue at high temperatures as well as the thermal shock fracture resistance were also strongly improved. The new functions such as machinability and superplasticity were observed for the nano/ nano composites. In this paper, the mechanical properties of ceramic nanocomposites and the role of nano-size dispersion were discussed.