不同利用方式红壤生态系统蚯蚓种群特征

POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTHWORM IN RED SOIL ECOSYSTEMS UNDER DIFFERENT UTILIZATION

研究了赣中杉木林、马尾松林、干草甸、湿草甸、疏草荒地、油茶园、桔园、常规耕作旱地和农—牧结合旱地等9种红壤生态系统蚯蚓的种群特征.湿草甸蚯蚓平均种群密度(151条/m^2)和生物量(36.16g(Fw)/m^2)为最高;农—牧结合也使蚯蚓种群保持较高水平.但本区多数生态系统蚯蚓种群较低.调查区中有环毛蚓(Pheretima)、杜拉蚓(Drawida)和双胸蚓(Bimastus)3属发生;除旱地外均以杜拉蚓为优势种.蚯蚓在土壤中的分布型因种类及干湿季变化而异。蚯蚓活动在红壤肥力保持中起重要作用。

The earthworm population was investigated in 9 ecosystems(China fir woodland,massonpine woodland,dry meadow,wet meadow,barren wasteland,oil-tea garden,orange garden,conventional farmland and cropping-animal-raising farmland)derived from low-hilly red earth in CentralJiangxi Province,Subtropical China.Maximum of average population density(151/m^2)and biomass(36.16g(FW)/m^2)occured in wet meadow.The combination of cropping and animal raising renderedthe worm population at a higher level.But majority of the ecosystems surveyed had lower population level.Inthis area,3 genera,Pheretima,Drawida and Bimastus,were found,Drawida being the dominant exceptfor farmland.Earthworm distribution patterns in soil varied with worm sort and the alternative of dry andwet seasons.It is concluded that reasonable soil management may promote the development of earthwormpopulaton and their role in material cycling and fertility maintaining of red soil.