“中国春”小麦原生质体培养与形态分化

WHEAT(TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.),CV.CHINESE SPRING,PROTOPLAST CULTURE AND MORPHOGENESIS

“中国春”胚性细胞悬浮系经混合酶液处理,可游离出大量原生质体(产量可达3×10~7～4×10~7/ml细胞)。这些原生质体在较简单的 MS 修饰培养基上(液体浅层或低溶点琼脂糖包埋)能够持续分裂,并以较高植板率(45%～47%)形成细胞团。将来自细胞团的微愈伤组织转至分化培养基上能够产生大量绿点;只有少数愈伤组织能够转变为结构紧密的胚性愈伤组织;并由此分化出大量根系和叶片,但未获得完整植株。文中对造成这一现象的可能原因进行了讨论。

A high yield of protoplasts(up to 3×10~7～4×10~7 per ml packed volume of cells)could bereleased from wheat cv.‘Chinese Spring’embryogenic cell suspension cultures treated by a mixture ofenzymes.When these protoplasts were cultured in a modified,relatively simple MS medium,they dividedvigorously and gave rise to cell colonies at a very high plating efficiency(45%～47%).These cell coloniescould continue to grow into microcalli,which could produce numerous green spots When transfered to re-generation media.But only a small fraction of the calli were compact,nodular and embryogenic andsporadically regenerated roots and leaves(including both green and albino ones).However,these leavesdid not develop into plantlets,instead,they became yellowish or brown and died.Possible reasons for thisphenomenon were discussed.