佛山市城区登革热媒介白纹伊蚊的监测与防治研究

Surveillance of dengue vector and study of control ling Aedes albopictus in city area of Foshan

目的 监测———白纹伊蚊的种群动态 ,孳生习性及药物防治效果等 ,为预防和控制登革热提供科学依据。方法 按城区不同方位 ,选择有代表性的监测点 ,设置人工诱卵器 ,检测并调查人工诱卵器和自然容器孳生白纹伊蚊幼虫情况 ;用人诱法监测伊蚊成虫的叮刺率 ;用C6 /36细胞培养法分离登革病毒并用免疫荧光或RT -PCR法鉴定病毒 ;用幼虫浸液法和模拟现场试验法观察两种灭蚊幼剂对白纹伊蚊幼虫的杀灭效果。结果 发现佛山城区白纹伊蚊幼虫分布十分广泛 ,尤以建筑工地和废品收购站等行业孳生率较高 ;孳生类型多以轮胎、竹筒、缸罐、养花容器等为主 ;其幼虫密度 :BI>2 0 ,成虫 1～ 2 2只 /人工小时 ,均高于临界值 ;全年从 4～ 9月为高峰期 ,冬季仍有成蚊活动和幼虫存在 ,其季节消长与雨量相关 ;虽然白纹伊蚊成虫和幼虫密度值很高 ,但未检出体内有感染登革病毒现象 ;药物试验观察 ,证明双硫磷硬脂酸缓释剂和灭蚊幼油膜剂具有良好的杀灭效果。结论 佛山城区白纹伊蚊分布广泛 ,密度较高 ,全年均可监测到 ,季节高峰为 4～ 9月 ;与降雨量密切相关 ,蚊体内未检出登革病毒 。

Objective To understand the c hange of density of dengue vector Aedes albopictus and the breeding habit , the distribution and the control effect of insecticides in city area of Foshan.T he result was to provide guidance for dengue control.Methods T he larva collected from different area and container was identified for species and the positive rate of larva was checked.The positive rate of larva was surve yed by artificial container with the same method. The man-alluring-biting metho d was used to survey the rate of biting. Reverse transciption-polymerase chain r eaction (RT-PCR) combined with virus isolation in C6/36 cell were detected dengu e virus in Aedes albopictus. The control effect of two insecticides for Ae des albopictus larva were observed in lab and mimic field. Results The Aedes albopictus density was higher in city area of Foshan . The Aedes albopictus breteau index(BI) was over 20% by artificial container and the biting rate index(BRI) was 1～22/per man power hour during all the year. The density of Aedes albopictus was equal to WHO three degree. The Aedes alb opictus adult density peak was in April-September and the larva density peak was from March to October.At all winter there were adult biting active and larva emerged. The change sea son density was related to the precipitation rain fall closely. The Aedes al bopictus larva distribution was extensive. The rate of positive in artificial container was more than that in nature. It bred in the tyre,jar,vat,bottle an d the small container form flower. Dengue virus were not detected in 40 pools of Aedes albopictus adult and in 60 pools of larva with RT-PCR combined with v irus isolation in C6/36 cell.It was indicated that two slow-release reagents wer e all effective for Aedes albopictus larva. Conclusion Ae des albopictus could survive all year in city area of Foshan. The density pea k was from April to September and was related to the precipitation rain fall clo sely. The Aedes albopictus population density had dangerous degree. The cont rol method should be used to tread small breeding container.Slow-release reagen ts may be effective for cointrolling Aedes albopictus larva.