南京地区稻田蒸散的研究

A STUDY OF PADDY RICE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN NANJING AREA

引进半经验模式计算稻田蒸散,仅需要常规气象资料和作物的叶面积资料即可较精确地估算农田蒸散,解决了用Penman—Monteith方法计算误差偏高以及需要风速梯度观测等在实际应用中存在的困难。通过对模式进行参数的敏感性分析,证实了模式的可靠性和可行性。分析稻田蒸散发现水稻一生有两个耗水高峰:拔节期和抽穗开花期,此时的气象条件最有利于水稻蒸散的进行。

In the present paper,a semi-empirical model is introduced to calculate the evapotranspiration from paddy rice in Nanjing,with only the general meteorological data and data about leaf area,the evapotranspiration can be estimated rather accurately. The method is better than Penman-Monteith formula which has a bigger error and needs wind gradient observation. The reliability and feasibility of the model has been proved through the sensitivity analysis of the parameters. It is found that in the whole growth period there are two water loss peaks occuring respectively at the jointing stage and heading-to-flowering stage,when the weather condition is favourable to evapotranspiration.