不同灌溉施氮方式夏玉米生长效应

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer fertigation on maize

通过盆栽试验研究了不同灌溉施肥方式对玉米生长及水分和养分利用效率的影响。结果表明,滴灌施肥不同程度地提高了玉米根系活力、叶绿素含量、叶片硝酸还原酶活性和作物叶片的瞬时水分利用效率,显著增加了玉米对氮素养分的吸收和干物质的累积,其中地上部总干重和籽粒干重增加幅度分别为49.55%和67.57%。滴灌施肥与浇灌施肥相比,水分利用效率增加幅度为109.20%;肥料氮素利用率达73.55%,增加幅度为110.44%。滴灌施肥可以明显地提高水分和肥料氮素的利用率与滴灌施肥可以合理地调控土壤水分和养分供应,为作物生长提供一个理想的生长环境有关。

Pot experiment was used to evaluate the effects of fertigation with nitrogen fertilizer on maize. Compared to the traditional fertilization method, fertigation with drip irrigation method increased the N uptake and dry matter accumulation of summer maize; root activity, chlorophyll content and NRA also increased. When fertilizer was applied by fertigation, the recovery of nitrogen fertilizer was high as 73.55%, with the 110.44% of increasing rate higher than that of the traditional fertilization method; and the corresponding increasing rate in dry weight of shoot and grain yield and water use efficiency for fertigation method were 49.55%, 67.57%, 109.20%, respectively. Obviously, fertilization in drop irrigation improved water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency; it related to efficiently control the supply of water and nutrients in soil by drip irrigation.