青海东部浅山旱地土壤水分状况及其作物利用研究

Study on a status of soil water and crop utilization of dry land in shallow mountain area

在青海东部浅山地区以裸地为对照进行小麦、马铃薯、豌豆、胡麻等4种作物的田间土壤水分蓄积消耗试验,研究浅山地区旱地土壤水分给源、贮水量、垂直分布以及作物利用情况。结果表明:浅山地区土壤水分主要的给源为大气降水。裸地土壤贮水量增量仅为62mm,不利于降雨的蓄积;种植作物能够充分利用降雨;0～100cm土层范围土壤水分以20～40cm土层最高;当地主要作物的耗水系数为小麦898.5,马铃薯760.5,豌豆和胡麻高于2140。

The field experiment has been carried on for studying the source, distribution in profiles, crop utilization of soil water of dry land in shallow maintain area in Qinghai Province. The results showed that soil water originated essentially from precipitation in this area, that soil can not keep water effectively, and the content of water of 20~40 cm is the highest at range of 0~100 cm in profile. Meanwhile, the staple crop's coefficient of water consuming in this area, wheat is 898.5, potato is 760.5, and bean and flax are high than 2140.