吉林省小型水库的淤积特征及分析

Study on Feature of Silt and Causes of Silt for Small Resevoir Jilin Province

通过对我省东部山区、中部丘陵漫岗区、西部平原区八座小型水库多年淤积总量等项目的调查,探讨小水库淤积泥沙总量及其变化,泥沙粒径与组成、淤积物干容重、养分含量的特征变化。并对悬推比、排沙比的确定提出参考意见。藉以认识我省小型水库淤积泥沙的某些规律,提高水库的经济效益,同时为小水库流域规划,设计提出可供利用、参考的数据与参数。

We made an inquire into rules for silt of small reservoirs through investigating total capacity for many years and mass of silt for eight small reservoirs on the East JiLin mountain area and the Middle Jilin hilly land and the West Jilin plain. So that assessed the economic results of small reservoir.In a small river basin, the eroded soil coefficent, silt grain size, granular composition and nourishment capacity of silt are influenced by source of silt. The influence relates closely with natural geography property of eroded type. The eroded coefficent decreasesed from east mountain area to west plain area. The silt grain size increases fron west to east. The silt grain size distribution follows ordinary known rule. The grain size decreeses from the front of the dam to the end of reservoir. The change for dry unit weight is as same as its grain size.