学习困难儿童与家庭行为及学习适应性的相关性研究

Family environment behavior learning adaptability in children with learning disorders

目的 探讨学习困难(LD)儿童与家庭环境、行为特点及学习适应性的相关性。方法 选用家庭环境量表中文版(FES CV)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)、小学生学习适应量表(AAT)分别对 160名学习困难的儿童及 120名正常儿童进行评定。结果 LD组儿童的家庭在亲密度(7. 28±1. 54vs7. 93±1. 21)、情感表达(5. 81±1. 62vs6. 42±1. 43)、知识性(5. 29±1. 74vs5. 77±1. 86)的评分低于对照组 (P<0. 05),而矛盾性(2. 78±1. 71vs2. 33±1. 52)则高于对照组 (P<0. 05)。LD组儿童在小学生学习适应性量表评定中学习动机(68. 24±15. 31vs74. 32±19. 62)、学习期望 (69. 33±16. 24vs76. 43±18. 77)、意志力(49. 85±7. 71vs54. 81±10. 37)、学习方法(36. 71±6. 74vs41. 43±6. 56)及家庭环境(72. 41±18. 47vs81. 82±19. 71)上评分显著低于对照组(P<0. 05)。Logistic逐步回归分析得出,学习困难与学习方法、学习期望、多动违纪、家庭知识性及性别有关。结论 LD儿童处在相对不良的家庭环境,儿童的行为特点及学习适应性与学习困难密切相关。

ObjectiveTo study the family environment,behavior.learning adaptability in children with learning disorders (LD). Methods 160 children with LD were assessed with family environment scale-Chinese-version(FES-CV),AAT and child behavior checklist(CBCL) ,120 normal children as control group. Results Children with LD had lower score of cohesion(7.28±1.54 vs7.93±1.21)emotional expressiveness ( 5.81±1.62 vs 6.42±1.43) and intellectual cultural(5.29±1.74 vs 5.77±1.86),but higher score in conflict (2.78±1.71 vs 2.33±1.52) than control group(P<0.05); AAT assessment showed children with LD scored obviously lower than control group in learning motivation (68.24±15.31 vs 74.32±19.62), learning anticipation (69.33± 16.24 vs 76.43±18.77),will power (49.85±7.71 vs 54.81±10.37), learning method (36.71±6.74 vs 41.43± 6.56) and family environment (72.41±18.47 vs 81.82±19.71) (P<0.05). CBCL assessment suggested that children with LD had more behavioral problems than those without (P<0.05).Logistic step-by step regression analysis showed LD were related to learning anticipation, learning method hyperactive and delinquency gender,intellectual cultural in family. Conclusions Children with LD exposed to less than good family environment.Their learning disorder were related to multiple factors such as family environment,behavioral characteristics,learning adaptability.