工业性手外伤的流行病学分析与干预策略研究

An Epidemiological Analysis and Intervention Strategy Study on Industrial Hand Trauma

目的 分析近 3年东莞市厚街镇工业性手外伤的流行病学特征 ,找出可能造成工业性手外伤的危险因素 ,并提出干预策略。方法 对 2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 3年在我院住院的工业性手外伤病例进行流行病学分析 ,并从 2 0 0 3年的住院病人中随机抽取 16 0例采用统一的问卷进行进一步的调查。结果 在 2 4 5 3例工业性手外伤病例中 ,外来工手外伤病例 2 2 5 7例 ,占 92 0 % ,男性占 86 5 % (2 12 2例 )。 2 0～ 4 0岁组为主要发病年龄组 (占 84 6 % ) ,受伤的时段主要为上午 11:0 0～ 12 :0 0和下午 16 :0 0～ 17:0 0 ,受伤种类以挤压伤、切割伤、离断伤为主 ,制鞋业、家私业 (木工 )、印刷业为发生手外伤的主要行业。人为因素和设备因素为主要的致伤原因。结论 为提高干预效果 ,针对厚街工业性手外伤的流行病学特点 ,建议采用工程干预、经济干预、强制干预和教育干预“四管”齐下的综合干预策略。

Objective To illustrate the possible risk factors and put forward to intervention strategi es for industrial hand trauma through analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of industrial hand trauma cases in recent three years in Houjie town of Donggua n city. Methods An epidemiological study was carried out on all industrial hand traumas cases in our hospital between 2001～2003. A questionnaire investigation was carried out o n 160 cases sampled at random from hospitalized industrial hand trauma patients in 2003. Results Migrant workers accounted for 92.0% ( 2 257 cases) and mal e patients account for 86.5% ( 2 122 cases) in 2 453 industrial hand tra uma patients. 84.6% cases were in age group 20～40. Most cases were injured du ring 11:00～12:00 and 16:00～17:00. Trauma of extrusion, incis ion and rupture accounted for most of the cases and hand trauma was likely to ha ppen in shoemaking, furniture and printing industry. Artificial and equipment fa ctors were primary cause of injury. Conclusion In order to enhance intervention effect, in consideration of epidemiological ch aracteristics in Houjie town, synthesized intervention strategies including engi neering, economical, compulsory and educational intervention were suggested.