武汉市三、四年级学生营养状况及其影响因素的多元分析

Study of Wuhan pupil’s nutritional status and the influencing factors.

【目的】 了解武汉小学生的营养现况及其影响因素。 【方法】 采用问卷调查了在读的 13 77名三、四年级学生及其家长的一般情况、营养知识、态度、日常生活行为 ,并测定学生的身高体重 ,进行营养评价及影响因素分析。 【结果】 武汉市三、四年级小学生总体营养不良率为 19.3 % (男 15 .8% ,女 2 3 .7% ) ,男女相比差异具有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;总体肥胖率为 10 .5 % (男 13 .0 % ,女 7.4% ) ,男女学生肥胖率差异也有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。学生的性别、年龄、营养知识、进食速度、零食行为、早餐习惯、早餐食品、在家学习时间以及学生家长的体质指数、文化程度、职业是学生营养状况的影响因素。 【结论】 学生的营养状况主要与一些可以改变的行为因素有关 ,改变学生的不良生活行为习惯 ,将有利于提高学生体质。

Objective To evaluate Wuhan pupil’s nutritional status and study the influencing factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 377 pupils (741 boys and 636 girls) and their parents, and the pupil’s height and weight were measured and the nutritional status were evaluated also. The total malnutrition rate of the pupils was 19.3% and the obesity rate was 10.5%. By multivariate regression analysis, it was found that the sex, age, nutritional knowledge, eating speed, sock, breakfast, study time of the pupils and the body mass index(BMI), educational degree, teacher occupation of the parents were the influencing factors to the pupil’s nutritional status. [Conclusion] The mostly influencing factors were the pupil’s alterable behaviors, changing their bad behaviors can advance the pupil’s nutrition.