李贽非理性主义文学思想论——以万历十九年夏至二十四年夏为论述中心

Li Zhi’s Irrationalist Literary Thought: From the Summer of 19th year to That of 24th of Wan Li, Ming Dynasty

经接受伊斯兰教、心学、佛教、老庄思想并对“百姓日用迩言”深入体察后 ,李贽的思想于万历二十二年前后进入成熟 ,形成以空净、自然、为己、真率为核心的童心思想以及文学是童心真率表现的文学思想。这一思想的本质是非理性。作为其具体内涵的排斥“闻见道理”说、非技巧论、“创制体格”无高下说、内容形式无分界说等 ,无不体现这一本质精神。李贽因此而成为中国文学理论史上第一个倡导非理性主义的思想家。

Having been greatly influenced by Islam, Xinxue, Buddhism, Lao tse and Zhuang tse, and having been deeply immersed in “the vernacular style of ordinary speech,” Li Zhi was mature in his thought at about 22nd year of Wan Li of Ming dynasty, forming his idea of innocence centering around tranquility, naturalness, self-importance and sincerity which are thought to be what literature should represents. The essence of the idea of innocence is irrationality whose essence is embodied in such doctrines as “informing and instructing,” “disregard of techniques,” “disregard of the hierarchy of styles,” and “non-division between form and content.” It is for this idea that Li Zhi became the first irrationalist in the history of Chinese literary theory.