生产(半)透明皂用油脂的前处理

Pretreatment of oils and fats used for production of transparent soap

简述了透明皂和半透明皂的历史和现状,针对透明皂用油脂,讨论了前期处理工艺(包括碱炼和脱色等)对透明皂生产的影响;通过实验确定了碱炼、脱色等工序的优化参数,原油的选择原则以及油品稳定性的影响因素。碱炼工艺的程度以酸值1～2为较佳。脱色剂的用量与原油的品质和碱炼深度有直接关系,对于初始酸值5左右的油脂3%的白土即能达到脱色要求;而对于酸值10左右的油脂则需5%的用量。精制油对其残留白土和含铁杂质非常敏感,极其容易诱发油品变色,因此脱色后的过滤尤其重要。

The historical and current status of transparent and translucent soaps was briefed.With respect to the oils and fats used for transparent soap,the effects of pretreatment processes,including alkali refining and decolorization etc,on the quality of the transparent soap product were discussed.Based upon experimental results,the principle for the selection of the raw oils and fats,the influencing effects on the stability of the refined oils and fats,as well as the optimal process parameters for alkali refining and decolorization were studied and identified.The recommended degree of alkali refining is to keep the residual acid value as 1～2.The dosage of decolorizing agent is recommended as 3 % of acid clay for oils and fats of acid value 5 and 5 % for oils and fats of acid value 10.The treated oil is very sensitive to the residual acid clay and the iron contained in the acid clay.Such factors will have serious adverse impact on the color of the treated oils and fats.Consequently,the filtration of the decolorized oils and fats is very important.