影响直肠癌患者术后生存的多因素Cox回归分析

Multivariate Cox analysis on prognostic factors after surgery for rectal carcinoma

目的 探讨直肠癌患者临床病理特征及术后生存的影响因素。方法 以 95 2例经手术治疗和病理确诊且随访资料完整的直肠癌患者为样本 ,采用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析方法分析直肠癌患者预后的影响因素。结果 直肠癌手术以Miles手术居多 ,占 5 3.5 % ,手术死亡率为 0 .3%。中分化腺癌患者 4 79例 ,占 5 0 .3%。肿瘤直径 4～ 8cm者 5 36例 ,占 5 6 .3%。 4 18例患者于术后 10 8个月内死于复发和转移。随访期间 ,5 3例发生肝转移 ,39例发生肺转移 ,12例发生骨转移。患者的平均生存时间为 (73.5 2± 1.70 )个月。总的 3,5 ,10年生存率分别为 6 7.6 %、5 5 .4 %和 38.2 %。单因素分析表明 ,患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤的根治度、病理类型、肿瘤直径、肝转移、肺转移及肿瘤的病理分期均为预后影响因素。Cox回归分析显示 ,肿瘤根治度、病理类型、肿瘤侵犯深度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤的病理分期、肝转移及肺转移是影响患者术后生存的独立因素。结论 影响直肠癌患者术后生存的独立因素有肿瘤的根治度、淋巴结转移、病理分期、侵犯深度、病理类型和肝肺转移。

Objective To analyze a large cohort of patients with rectal cancer within a cancer center to determine the prognostic factors by univariate and multivariate analyses. Methods A total of 952 patients with rectal cancer were treated surgically during a period of 10 years. R0,R1 and R2 operations were carried out in 741 patients (77.8%), 75 patients (7.9%) and 136 patients (14.3%), respectively. There were more Miles operation (53.5%) than lower addominal resection (LAR, 33.7%). Results The operation mortality was 0.3%, 418 patients were dead within 108 months postoperatively due to recurrence or metastases to liver, lung and bone in 53, 39 and 12 patients. The overall mean survival time for all patients was 73.52±1.70 months and the overall 3-, 5-and 10- year survival rates were 67.6%,55.4% and 38.2%.The overall 3-, 5- and 10- year survival rates for patients treated by radical operation were 81.4%、70.3%、48.8%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimate showed that patient gender, age, radicality of resection, histological type, liver and pulmonary metastasis and TNM stage were the predictors of survival. Multivariate analysis showed statistically significant correlation with radicality of operation, histological type, depth of tumor invasion, lymphatic invasion, TNM stage, liver and pulmonary metastasis. Conclusion For survival, statistically significant differences among prognostic factors in relation to radicality of resection, lymphatic invasion, TNM stage, depth of tumor invasion, histological type, liver and pulmonary metastasis are found.